1) Thermoprotei: Organisms living in very hot and acidic areas.
2) OTU Archaeal
3) Clase thaumarcheot
4) Lee et
5) Stylissa massa
6) Testudirina
Summary: The first study to assess Archaea in four different coral reef biotopes (seawater, sediment and two sponge species, Stylissa massa and Xestospongia testudinaria) is presented. Biotope explained more than 72% of the variation in archaeal composition. The number of operational taxonomic units (OTU) was highest in the sediment and seawater biotopes and substantially lower in both sponge hosts. No OTUs of "sponge-specific" archaea were found, i.e., OTUs found in both sponge species but absent in non-host biotopes. In contrast, most functional pathways differed significantly between sponge microbiomes and non-host biotopes, including all energy metabolic pathways. With the exception of the methane and nitrogen metabolic pathway, all energy metabolic pathways were enriched in sponges compared to non-host biotopes.
1) PCR
2) ARNr 16S
3) Análisis RFLP
4) Endemismo
5) Máquina de vectores de soporte de clasificación (C-SVM)
Summary: The candidate division Korarchaeota comprises a group of uncultivated microorganisms that, by their small subunit rRNA phylogeny, may have diverged early from the major archaeal phyla Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota. Here, we report the initial characterization of a member of the Korarchaeota with the proposed name, “Candidatus Korarchaeum cryptofilum,” which exhibits an ultrathin filamentous morphology. To investigate possible ancestral relationships between deep-branching Korarchaeota and other phyla, we used whole-genome shotgun sequencing to construct a complete composite korarchaeal genome from enriched cells. The genome was assembled into a single contig 1.59 Mb in length with a G + C content of 49%. Of the 1,617 predicted protein-coding genes, 1,382 (85%) could be assigned to a revised set of archaeal Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs)
Summary: Anaerobic organotrophic hyperthermophilic Archaea were isolated from five of eight samples from oil wells of the Samotlor oil reservoir (depth, 1,799–2,287 m; temperature, 60°–84°C). Three strains were isolated in pure cultures and characterized phylogenetically on the basis of comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. All strains belonged to a new species of the genus Thermococcus, with Thermococcus litoralis, Thermococcus aggregans, Thermococcus fumicolans, and Thermococcus alcaliphilus being the nearest relatives (range of sequence similarity, 97.2%–98.8%).